Children learn to make connections between the letters of written texts graphemes or letter symbols and the sounds of spoken language. Phonics teaching children the sounds made by individual letter or letter groups for example the letter c makes a k sound and teaching children how to merge separate sounds together to make it one word for example blending the sounds k a t makes cat.

Phonics Kit Stage 3 Phonics Educational Children Hinkler
In synthetic phonics the sounds of letters and letter combinations are taught first and later the method is taught to form complete words.